Author Guidelines Download as PDF
Notice to authors
Submission of manuscripts
Preparation of manuscript
Formatting of text
Numbers
Reference citation
Tables
Illustrations
Taxonomic descriptions
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Notice to authors
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Submission of a manuscript to be considered for publication implies that the results reported have not been published elsewhere and it is not being considered elsewhere for publication. The Journal assumes that manuscripts have been submitted with the consent of all authors. Submitted manuscripts may be accepted for publication after peer review but the authors are solely responsible for the accuracy of information in their papers and for any opinions expressed.
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Submission of manuscripts
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Manuscripts to be considered for publication in Subterranean Biology should be submitted online to the journal's website at www.pensoft.net/journals/subterbiol. Authors need to retain a proper balance between length and substance. The Society may levy page charges on manuscript of exceptional length or on those accepted for publication from non-members of SIBIOS.
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Preparation of manuscript
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The manuscript should be presented concisely and clearly in English ( or other language, if accepted) using direct speech . The title should include the taxonomic position of any named taxon (Order: Family, or higher categories if necessary).
Each English taxonomic name in the text has to be, at its first mention, supplemented by a Latin name; however, the use of Latin names (or anglicized Latin names) is preferred. Each species/subspecies under study in the submitted paper, has to be, at its first mention, completed by the author’s name and date of description.
Tabular and illustrative material should be prepared taking into account the journal format which is A4 size double column printed in Times New Roman Font.
Both tables and illustrations should preferably take a single column but the full-page width is available where necessary. Single column width is 83 mm, double column width is 170 mm. Available page size is 230 mm x 170 mm.
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Formatting of text
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Type the manuscript with double spacing and 3 cm margins to left and right. Print pages only on one side of opaque white A4 paper. Denote paragraphs with extra line spacing (do not use indents). Manuscripts should be assembled in strict order (Title; Author(s); Affiliation; Five key-words and running title; Abstract; Introduction; Methods; Results; Discussion; Acknowledgments; References; Tables with captions; Figure Captions listed; Figures; Appendices) and each page numbered sequentially from page one (in addition Figure, Table, and Appendix numbers should be indicated on the appropriate page).The “decimal” numbering of headings/subheadings is encouraged. Manuscripts not so organised may be returned to the authors. A template of the format can be downloaded from the website: http://www.fi.cnr.it/sibios/default.htm.
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Numbers
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SI units are used throughout. Spell out numbers less than ten (except when a measured value, e.g. 3 mm or in the telegraphese part of taxonomic descriptions). Use Arabic numerals for numbers ten or greater except at the start of a sentence when they should be spelt out, and use points (4.85) not commas (4,85) to denote decimal point and do not use naked decimals (use 0.01 but not .01). Use no more than three decimal places except for probability values where four decimal places may be used. The use of Roman numerals is encouraged for designation of somites (“body segments”) or appendages in arthropods (like : “article 3 of pereopod VII”; in shortened tabelar parts may be “VII/3”).
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Reference citation
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In the body of the paper references should be cited as follows: “as demonstrated by Degas (1856), Degas and Smirnov (1864) and Degas et al (1876)”, or else, “as demonstrated repeatedly (Degas 1856; Degas and Smirnov 1864; Degas et al 1876).
In the reference list the journal title should be cited in full and in the appropriate format below:
van der Graaff, W.J., R.W.A. Crowe, J.A. Bunting, M.J. Jackson. 1977b. Relict early Cainozoic drainages in arid Western Australia. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, Neue Folge 21: 379-400.
Fenchel, T., B.J. Finlay. 1995. Ecology and evolution in anoxic worlds. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Sarbu, S.M. 2000. Movile Cave: a chemoautotrophically based groundwater ecosystem. Pp. 319-343 in H.
Wilkens, D.C. Culver, W.F. Humphreys, eds. Ecosystems of the world, vol 30. Subterranean ecosystems. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Bergstrom, D.E. 1997. The phylogeny and historical biogeography of Missouri's Amblyopsis rosae (Ozark cavefish) and Typhlichthys subterraneus (southern cavefish). Unpublished M.Sc. thesis, University of Missouri-Columbia.
Give foreign language references in Latin alphabet (copying accents in romance languages, etc) transliterating as necessary to a recognised scheme. Cite translation if that is what was consulted.
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Tables
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Tables are referred to in the text as Table 1, etc., and subsections denoted (a), (b), etc. Footnotes to tables are by superscript letter a, b. Tables should be designed to maximise the double column format and where possible should fit in one column (long thin is preferable to short wide). Only horizontal lines are to be used and only to demarcate the upper and lower bounds of the table and to separate the column captions from the main body of the table, within which there should be no lines or shading but line spacing may be used to facilitate reading. Captions should be self-explanatory.
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Illustrations
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Do not send original illustrations until the paper is accepted for publication. Illustrations may be returned to the author after publication, if requested at the time the paper is submitted.
Drawings and photographs should be of high quality and referred to consecutively in the text as Fig. 1, etc. with alphabetical notation for its sub-parts (Fig. 1a, etc). The maps have to be framed (lines like borders, rivers etc. should end at the frame line). The scale bar must be always included. Each figure must be presented in the manuscript on a separate page bearing the figure number, authors name and short title of paper. The desired position should be noted in the margin of the manuscript. Scales must be graphic.
Line drawings should be no more than twice final size. Line should stand reduction to 0.25-0.35 mm. The illustrations should be as simple as possible and designed to fit within one or two column widths. A copy reduced to the final size should accompany the manuscript. Symbols should be used consistently within a paper and be limited where possible to open and closed circles, squares and triangles. Labelling should be simple, limited and clear at the final reduction (1 mm lower case and 2 mm upper case and numerals).
A separate page listing the full captions of the figures formatted as for the rest of the text should precede the figures in the manuscript. Captions should be self-explanatory
Photographic images should be prepared with the same constraints as for other illustrative material but where required (micrographs, etc.) must include a scale bar (magnification is not adequate).
Authors may be asked to pay the extra costs for printing color figures.
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Taxonomic descriptions
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Headings for all taxonomic categories from subspecies upward should be centred. The name of a genus should be preceded by the word ‘Genus’ and followed by the unabbreviated name of the author. Similarly, the author of a species/subspecies should follow a species/subspecies name, also in taxonomic list if included. The I. Code of Z.N. (2000 edition) should be obeyed. ‘gen. nov.’, ‘sp. nov’, must follow a new species names and be separated from it by a comma.
Relevant taxonomic papers such as first description, redescription, etc., should be listed in references of a species in consideration, not only mentioned as the authors name + year in the text.
Synonymies. If adequate synonymies are in the literature they do not need to be repeated in full but they must be fully referenced. Otherwise references given must include the author, date, page number, and any figure numbers but not the publication, which is in the reference list at the end of the paper.
Descriptions and diagnoses should be written in ‘telegraphic’ style. Illustrations are encouraged as an aid to clarity and brevity.
Identification keys, if provided, should be concise, illustrated, and use unambiguous characters
Lodgement of Type and Voucher material
New species described in the journal must be supported by the deposition of the primary type, usually the Holotype (and preferably some secondary types) in a named and accessible collection and the appropriate registration numbers cited in the type designation. Authors of non-taxonomic papers should lodge voucher material in a named and accessible institutional collection. This requirement can be waived only by the Editor, for example, where the data were gathered previously, or pertained to a protected species, and such waiver will be explicitly stated in the Acknowledgments.
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